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Re: Heading without contents

for

From: allyssa jessicon
Date: Jan 6, 2023 5:06AM

As far as I understand is what my concern is right. I would also like
to know if this has been mentioned anywhere in WCAG as a violation or
a best practice not to have heading alone without any content below
it.

Much appreciated all your responses.

On 1/5/23, <EMAIL REMOVED> < <EMAIL REMOVED> > wrote:
> The Page Labels that Karen refers to can be seen in Acrobat's Page Thumnails
> panel. They are below the thumbnail, and assistive technologies can access
> them.
>
> They should always match the visible "printed" page number of the PDF
> document.
>
> — — —
> Bevi Chagnon | Designer, Accessibility Technician | <EMAIL REMOVED>
> — — —
> PubCom: Technologists for Accessible Design + Publishing
> consulting ' training ' development ' design ' sec. 508 services
> Upcoming classes at www.PubCom.com/classes
> — — —
> Latest blog-newsletter – Simple Guide to Writing Alt-Text
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: WebAIM-Forum < <EMAIL REMOVED> > On Behalf Of Karen
> McCall
> Sent: Thursday, January 5, 2023 9:35 AM
> To: WebAIM Discussion List < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Subject: Re: [WebAIM] [EXTERNAL] Heading without contents
>
> To follow up on the issue of where to put page numbers in a PDF, as it was
> mentioned in the previous post...
>
> Use Page Labels in the PDF document to identify the page numbers. This gives
> you the flexibility to identify Roman Numeral page numbers as well as the
> start of the document (page 1) if there are preface pages. Both JAWS and
> NVDA have keyboard commands to read the page numbers if Page Labels are
> implemented.
>
> If they are not implemented (in Acrobat), the screen readers won't render a
> page number and if someone uses Ctrl + Shift + N to go to a specific page,
> they may get an error message saying the page is not found.
>
> Page Labels avoid the necessity of figuring out where to put the page number
> if it is in the middle of a paragraph or if a table or list spans multiple
> pages. These elements aren't broken to provide page number information when
> Page Labels are used.
>
> Cheers, Karen
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: WebAIM-Forum < <EMAIL REMOVED> > On Behalf Of Dave
> Comeau via WebAIM-Forum
> Sent: Thursday, January 5, 2023 9:24 AM
> To: 'WebAIM Discussion List' < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Cc: Dave Comeau < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Subject: Re: [WebAIM] [EXTERNAL] Heading without contents
>
> To follow up on Bevi's point, another important concept in accessible PDF
> files is that are meant to be tagged in way that presents them as one
> continuous stream of content. This means there should be no concept of
> pages to a screen reader that is reading a PDF file, it should be a similar
> experience to reading one long HTML page.
>
> Text content like "Page 1 of 10" should be tagged as pagination artifacts
> and not read by the screen reader.
>
> So, if a page has a single H1 only it may be setting up a paragraph or other
> content that occurs on the next physical page.
> > From: WebAIM-Forum < <EMAIL REMOVED> > on behalf of
> <EMAIL REMOVED> < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Sent: January 4, 2023 5:35 PM
> To: 'WebAIM Discussion List' < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Subject: Re: [WebAIM] [EXTERNAL] Heading without contents
>
> CAUTION: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not
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> content is safe. If you feel that the email is suspicious, please report it
> using PhishAlarm.
>
>
> In HTML, agree. A single webpage is an individual document.
>
> But in PDF and Word documents, the entire file is the document, and it is
> correct to have only a heading on a page.
>
> Another example where HTML and PDF/Word documents are different animals with
> different requirements.
>
> - - -
> Bevi Chagnon | Designer, Accessibility Technician | <EMAIL REMOVED> - -
> -
> PubCom: Technologists for Accessible Design + Publishing consulting *
> training * development * design * sec. 508 services Upcoming classes at
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> US Delegate to the ISO committees for PDF and PDF/UA standards
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>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: WebAIM-Forum < <EMAIL REMOVED> > On Behalf Of Mark
> Magennis
> Sent: Wednesday, January 4, 2023 9:04 AM
> To: WebAIM Discussion List < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Subject: Re: [WebAIM] [EXTERNAL] Heading without contents
>
> If the only thing on the page is a chapter title then it isn't a heading. It
> may be a 'heading' in the context of the publication but it isn't a heading
> in the context of the page content, so it shouldn't be marked up as an HTML
> heading.
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: WebAIM-Forum < <EMAIL REMOVED> > On Behalf Of Karen
> McCall
> Sent: Wednesday 4 January 2023 13:36
> To: WebAIM Discussion List < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Subject: Re: [WebAIM] [EXTERNAL] Heading without contents
>
> On the other hand, you might have an H1 on one page to introduce a chapter
> and the chapter content begins on the next page. I've seen this frequently
> in reports and publications. The heading is on a page of its own and the
> content begins on the next page. The content can start with a paragraph or
> another heading/H2.
>
> I'm reading a technical manual at the moment that is structured this way.
>
> It depends on the design of the publication and that each chapter title is
> on its own page. There would be a consistency to the layout/structure of the
> publication.
>
> As someone using adaptive technology, a screen reader, I would be able to
> move from that heading 1 to the next piece of content easily in the
> document.
>
> Cheers, Karen
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: WebAIM-Forum < <EMAIL REMOVED> > On Behalf Of
> Swift, Daniel P.
> Sent: Wednesday, January 4, 2023 7:51 AM
> To: WebAIM Discussion List < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Subject: Re: [WebAIM] [EXTERNAL] Heading without contents
>
> I'll add to this in saying that (IMO) it would make sense if the H1 is
> immediately followed by an H2. I could envision a scenario where the H1 is
> the name of the organization and the H2 might be something like "Current
> Employment Opportunities".
>
> Daniel Swift, MBA
> Director of Web Communications
> University Communications and Marketing
> West Chester University
> 610.738.0589
>
> From: WebAIM-Forum < <EMAIL REMOVED> > On Behalf Of Mark
> Magennis
> Sent: Wednesday, January 4, 2023 7:28 AM
> To: WebAIM Discussion List < <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Subject: Re: [WebAIM] [EXTERNAL] Heading without contents
>
> I agree with you. This could be confusing. It could confuse sighted users
> who may wonder why the content is missing. It could confuse screen reader
> users even more because they may wonder whether the content is missing or
> whether it is there but just not being read by the screen reader. I would
> suggest a text para saying there is no information available but as specific
> as possible, e.g. "there are no employment records for this employee".
>
> Mark
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: WebAIM-Forum
> < <EMAIL REMOVED> <mailto: <EMAIL REMOVED> >>
> On Behalf Of allyssa jessicon
> Sent: Wednesday 4 January 2023 12:16
> To: <EMAIL REMOVED> <mailto: <EMAIL REMOVED> >
> Subject: [EXTERNAL] [WebAIM] Heading without contents
>
> Hello everyone,
>
> A very good morning and happy new year 2023.
>
> Let me go straight into the question. Suppose if there is a heading but
> there is no content below it and the heading is also an h1, the top-level
> heading in the page. I believe this is not a good practice to have a heading
> without any content below it. Do I sound reasonable?
> and avoiding heading without content below it is a best practice?
>
> Appreciate each opinion and corrections.
>
>
> Regards,
> Alysa.
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